3/10/2024 0 Comments Automatic negative thoughts scaleThe research on RNT began with response style theory developed by Nolen-Hoeksema (1991). RNT can be classified as an emotional regulation strategy involving self-focused attention, and characterized by repetitive, prolonged, and recurrent thoughts about one's experience and concerns ( Lyubomirsky and Nolen-Hoeksema, 1995 Watkins, 2008). To our knowledge, this is the first research linking two transdiagnostic scales. The present article compares three scales, including a classic tool to evaluate depressive rumination (RRS) and two newly developed transdiagnostic tools. Additionally, each of the transdiagnostic methods presents very particular characteristics that can be advantageous in both clinical and research settings. Those methods were often compared to the already existing categorical measures of RNT but very rarely to each other. Consequently, several transdiagnostic methods were developed almost simultaneously (e.g., Mini-CERTS, PTQ). The emphasis put on the transdiagnostic approach in the current clinical and experimental research created the need for the transdiagnostic evaluation of the RNT. The validation of instruments diagnosing RNT could initiate a line of research examining possible structural differences in scales that might reflect theoretical and methodological innovations ( Roger et al., 2001). Unfortunately, international instruments for the assessment of RNT such as those in Poland are very poorly developed or nonexistent, compared with the other countries conducting experimental and clinical research on this process despite this growing interest in both the Polish and international communities 1. Development of rumination-focused therapy and initial empirical results suggesting its effectiveness provide evidence confirming the important role of RNT in clinical psychology ( Watkins et al., 2009, 2011). Today, RNT is known to be a key transdiagnostic process (i.e., a process involved in risk, maintenance, and reoccurrence of various psychological disorders Ehring and Watkins, 2008 Nolen-Hoeksema and Watkins, 2011 Watkins, 2011). Since the early nineties, the number of research papers on repetitive negative thinking (RNT) in clinical psychology has constantly grown. The particular characteristics of each scale and potential practical applications in clinical and research are discussed. As expected, the dimensions of brooding, general repetitive negative thinking, as well as abstract analytical thinking, can all be classified as unconstructive repetitive thinking. The results support the theoretical hypothesis. Furthermore, the translation of these measures enables the examination of possible cross-cultural structural differences that may lead to important theoretical progress in the measurement and classification of RNT. These methods are particularly relevant for developing and evaluating theoretically based interventions like concreteness training, an emerging field of increasing interest, which can be used to address the maladaptive processing mode in RNT that can lead to depression and other disorders. Although there has been some exploration of a categorical approach, the comparison of transdiagnostic methods is still lacking. Moreover, the following study aims to present particular characteristics and a comparison of the three methods. The present validation of the methods in a Polish speaking population provides psychometric parameters estimates that contribute to current efforts to increase reliable replication of theoretical outcomes. Yet these scales have not previously been used in conjunction, despite useful theoretical distinctions only available in Mini-CERTS. Three widely used self-report questionnaires have been developed to assess these related constructs: the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), and the Mini-Cambridge Exeter Repetitive Thought Scale (Mini-CERTS). Clinical researchers also often employ categorical approaches to RNT, including a focus on depressive rumination or worry, for similar purposes. Processing mode theory provides a theoretical model to assess, research, and treat RNT using a transdiagnostic approach. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process involved in the risk, maintenance, and relapse of serious conditions including mood disorders, anxiety, eating disorders, and addictions. 3University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.2SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland.1PSITEC Lab, University of Lille, Lille, France. ![]() Monika Kornacka 1 * Jacek Buczny 2 Rebekah L.
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